His research focuses on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation between leguminous species and rhizobia. His expertise lies in legume genomics and genetic analysis of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. 

Péter Kaló’s work contributes to the questions of how the symbiotic nitrogen fixation is regulated and what genes are involved in the establishment and functioning of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Across his research, he uses forward and reverse genetic approaches to study symbiosis. 

He authored and co-authored around 40 research articles in high-impact scientific journals.

Péter Kaló has collaborated with several research groups across Europe/worldwide, and he has successfully applied for OTKA, ICGEB and NKFIH research grants nationally and internationally.